Grammar / Patterns

Grammar patterns

Every ending and particle in the guide, in Korean order.

• 가장21. Comparing things
• 갖다121. Casual Korean and text speak
• 같이50. Degree and likeness
• 거나52. Instead, and or
• 거나 말거나96. The 말다 family
• 거니114. Literary forms
• 거니와79. Connectors for writing
• 거든58. Conditionals
• 거든요46. Reasons the listener should get
• 거들랑101. Risky conditions
• 거라113. Storybook and parent endings
• 거리다117. Sound and shape words
• 거의60. Worry and near misses
• 건대114. Literary forms
• 건만99. Formal concession
• 게15. Adverbs
• 게 되다53. Make, let, end up
• 게 만들다73. Causative verbs
• 게 생겼다105. How things tend to go
• 게 (하게체)115. Old speech levels
• 게 하다53. Make, let, end up
• 게 (so that)64. 도록
• 게끔64. 도록
• 게요108. Endings with a raised eyebrow
• 겠7. The past and the future
• 계시다28. The honorific 시
• 고19. ~고 and ~고 싶다
• 고 나서40. As soon as, and after
• 고 들다80. More from ~고
• 고 말겠다96. The 말다 family
• 고 말다71. Finishing and leaving
• 고 보다80. More from ~고
• 고 싶다19. ~고 and ~고 싶다
• 고 싶어 하다54. Wishes
• 고 있다20. ~고 있다 and 아/어지다
• 고 있었다84. 던 and the finer past
• 고 해서80. More from ~고
• 고도80. More from ~고
• 고말고요108. Endings with a raised eyebrow
• 고서80. More from ~고
• 고서야80. More from ~고
• 고야 말겠다96. The 말다 family
• 고요19. ~고 and ~고 싶다
• 고자79. Connectors for writing
• 곤 하다89. Habits and inevitability
• 구나44. Noticing
• 구려115. Old speech levels
• 군요44. Noticing
• 그것2. 이다 and 아니다
• 그나마118. Adverbs with attitude
• 그래서23. ~아/어서: because, and then
• 그런데47. ~는데
• 그렇다18. 이렇다, 그렇다, 저렇다, 어떻다
• 그려115. Old speech levels
• 기34. ~기 and ~ㅁ/음
• 기 그지없다104. To the limit
• 기 나름이다105. How things tend to go
• 기 때문에39. Three becauses
• 기 마련이다89. Habits and inevitability
• 기 바라다54. Wishes
• 기 쉽다34. ~기 and ~ㅁ/음
• 기 시작하다34. ~기 and ~ㅁ/음
• 기 십상이다105. How things tend to go
• 기 위해36. Intention and purpose
• 기 이를 데 없다104. To the limit
• 기 일쑤이다105. How things tend to go
• 기 전에34. ~기 and ~ㅁ/음
• 기 짝이 없다104. To the limit
• 기가 무섭게106. Moments and situations
• 기가 바쁘게106. Moments and situations
• 기는 하다82. 치고, 기는요 and 기는 하다
• 기는요82. 치고, 기는요 and 기는 하다
• 기도 하다34. ~기 and ~ㅁ/음
• 기로 하다41. Plans and decisions
• 기로서니99. Formal concession
• 기만 하다105. How things tend to go
• 기에75. Reasons from what you saw or heard
• 기에 따라93. 느냐
• 기에 말이지98. The 말 family
• 기에 망정이지100. Formal reasons
• 기에 앞서119. Written Korean
• 길래75. Reasons from what you saw or heard
• 까지13. Place and time
• 까지 (even)69. Particles of degree
• 깨나109. The rarer particles
• 께14. With, to, from and about
• 께서28. The honorific 시
• ㄴ/는가 싶다97. 싶다 beyond want
• ㄴ/은10. Adjectives before nouns
• ㄴ/은 것32. ~는 것: a verb becomes a noun
• ㄴ/은 결과70. According to, because of
• ㄴ/은 나머지104. To the limit
• ㄴ/은 다음에40. As soon as, and after
• ㄴ/은 셈이다68. Hedging
• ㄴ/은 적이 있다42. Experience
• ㄴ/은 지35. ~는지
• ㄴ/은 채로71. Finishing and leaving
• ㄴ/은 후에40. As soon as, and after
• ㄴ/은가 보다67. Inference
• ㄴ/은가요94. Softer questions, blunter commands
• ㄴ/은데47. ~는데
• ㄴ/은지35. ~는지
• ㄴ들99. Formal concession
• (으)나79. Connectors for writing
• 나 마나83. No use trying
• 나 보다67. Inference
• 나 싶다97. 싶다 beyond want
• (으)나 (으)나99. Formal concession
• 나요94. Softer questions, blunter commands
• 냐93. 느냐
• 냐고56. Quoting
• 냐니86. Surprise and insistence
• 냬요57. Quoting, shortened
• 네 (하게체)115. Old speech levels
• 네요44. Noticing
• 노라면114. Literary forms
• 누구17. Asking questions
• 누구나31. Anybody, everybody, nobody
• 느냐93. 느냐
• 느냐는93. 느냐
• 느냐에 따라93. 느냐
• 느니102. Rather than
• 느라고74. Excuses and blame
• 는 가운데106. Moments and situations
• 는 거예요33. 것이다 and explaining
• 는 것32. ~는 것: a verb becomes a noun
• 는 것 같다38. It seems
• 는 것이다33. 것이다 and explaining
• 는 게 아니라62. Not X but Y
• 는 게 어때요88. Resignation and advice
• 는 게 좋겠다88. Resignation and advice
• 는 경우58. Conditionals
• 는 고사하고81. Adding and ruling out
• 는 길에37. While, during, on the way
• 는 김에92. As long as, now that
• 는 까닭에100. Formal reasons
• 는 대로40. As soon as, and after
• 는 대신에78. Contrasts
• 는 데47. ~는데
• 는 데다가81. Adding and ruling out
• 는 동시에106. Moments and situations
• 는 동안37. While, during, on the way
• 는 둥 마는 둥96. The 말다 family
• 는 듯65. Seeming and pretending
• 는 마당에106. Moments and situations
• 는 만큼50. Degree and likeness
• 는 말할 것도 없고81. Adding and ruling out
• 는 모양이다67. Inference
• 는 바람에74. Excuses and blame
• 는 반면에78. Contrasts
• 는 법이다89. Habits and inevitability
• 는 사이에37. While, during, on the way
• 는 이상92. As long as, now that
• 는 줄 알았다61. Knowing how, believing wrongly
• 는 중37. While, during, on the way
• 는 축에 들다68. Hedging
• 는 탓에74. Excuses and blame
• 는 터라100. Formal reasons
• 는 통에74. Excuses and blame
• 는 판에106. Moments and situations
• 는 편이다68. Hedging
• 는 한92. As long as, now that
• 는 한이 있어도102. Rather than
• 는 한편78. Contrasts
• 는가 (하게체)115. Old speech levels
• 는가 하면105. How things tend to go
• 는걸요108. Endings with a raised eyebrow
• 는구만108. Endings with a raised eyebrow
• 는구먼108. Endings with a raised eyebrow
• 는다면58. Conditionals
• 는데47. ~는데
• 는데도59. No matter
• 는데도 불구하고119. Written Korean
• 는데요47. ~는데
• 는지35. ~는지
• 는지에 따라93. 느냐
• (으)니39. Three becauses
• 니94. Softer questions, blunter commands
• (으)니 말이지98. The 말 family
• (으)니까39. Three becauses
• (으)니만큼100. Formal reasons
• ㄷ irregular9. Irregular verbs
• 다5. Verbs and adjectives are one family
• 다 못해104. To the limit
• 다 보니까63. Trying and finding
• 다 보면63. Trying and finding
• 다 싶다97. 싶다 beyond want
• 다 (headlines)119. Written Korean
• 다가48. ~다가
• 다가는101. Risky conditions
• 다거나52. Instead, and or
• 다고75. Reasons from what you saw or heard
• 다고 하다56. Quoting
• 다기에75. Reasons from what you saw or heard
• 다는57. Quoting, shortened
• 다는 것이107. Meant to, supposedly
• 다는 말이다98. The 말 family
• 다니86. Surprise and insistence
• 다니까86. Surprise and insistence
• 다면58. Conditionals
• 다면서86. Surprise and insistence
• 다시피61. Knowing how, believing wrongly
• 단다113. Storybook and parent endings
• 달라고57. Quoting, shortened
• 답다110. Adjectives from nouns
• 답시고107. Meant to, supposedly
• 당111. Each and every
• 당하다120. Passive in full
• 대로50. Degree and likeness
• 대신에52. Instead, and or
• 대요57. Quoting, shortened
• 댔자99. Formal concession
• 더21. Comparing things
• 더군요85. The retrospective 더
• 더니85. The retrospective 더
• 더라85. The retrospective 더
• 더라고요85. The retrospective 더
• 더라도59. No matter
• 덕분에74. Excuses and blame
• 던84. 던 and the finer past
• 던 차에106. Moments and situations
• 던가85. The retrospective 더
• 던데85. The retrospective 더
• 덜21. Comparing things
• 데요108. Endings with a raised eyebrow
• 도12. 의, 도, 만 and 들
• 도록64. 도록
• 동안16. Time words
• (으)되99. Formal concession
• 되다29. Passive verbs
• 드시다28. The honorific 시
• 든59. No matter
• 든지52. Instead, and or
• 든지 간에59. No matter
• 들12. 의, 도, 만 and 들
• 듯이50. Degree and likeness
• 듯하다65. Seeming and pretending
• 디110. Adjectives from nouns
• 따라109. The rarer particles
• 때문에39. Three becauses
• ㄹ/을 거예요7. The past and the future
• ㄹ/을 것32. ~는 것: a verb becomes a noun
• ㄹ/을 것 같다38. It seems
• ㄹ/을 것 (instruction)33. 것이다 and explaining
• ㄹ/을 겸116. The bound nouns
• ㄹ/을 계획이다41. Plans and decisions
• ㄹ/을 대로104. To the limit
• ㄹ/을 따름이다68. Hedging
• ㄹ/을 때24. (으)면 and ㄹ/을 때
• ㄹ/을 리 만무하다103. Can't possibly
• ㄹ/을 리가 없다77. Worth it, can't be, no choice
• ㄹ/을 만하다77. Worth it, can't be, no choice
• ㄹ/을 모양이다67. Inference
• ㄹ/을 바에야102. Rather than
• ㄹ/을 법하다103. Can't possibly
• ㄹ/을 뻔했다60. Worry and near misses
• ㄹ/을 성싶다103. Can't possibly
• ㄹ/을 수 없다26. Can, must and needn't
• ㄹ/을 수 있다26. Can, must and needn't
• ㄹ/을 수도 있다38. It seems
• ㄹ/을 수밖에 없다51. Only, and nothing but
• ㄹ/을 여지가 없다103. Can't possibly
• ㄹ/을 예정이다41. Plans and decisions
• ㄹ/을 정도로50. Degree and likeness
• ㄹ/을 준비41. Plans and decisions
• ㄹ/을 줄 알다61. Knowing how, believing wrongly
• ㄹ/을 지경이다104. To the limit
• ㄹ/을 턱이 없다103. Can't possibly
• ㄹ/을 테니까66. ㄹ/을 텐데 and ㄹ/을 테니까
• ㄹ/을 테다116. The bound nouns
• ㄹ/을 테면116. The bound nouns
• ㄹ/을 테지만116. The bound nouns
• ㄹ/을 텐데66. ㄹ/을 텐데 and ㄹ/을 테니까
• ㄹ/을 필요가 없다26. Can, must and needn't
• ㄹ/을 필요가 있다26. Can, must and needn't
• ㄹ/을걸 그랬다87. Guessing and regret
• ㄹ/을걸요87. Guessing and regret
• ㄹ/을게요43. Offers and intentions
• ㄹ/을까 보다41. Plans and decisions
• ㄹ/을까 봐60. Worry and near misses
• ㄹ/을까 하다41. Plans and decisions
• ㄹ/을까요27. Telling people what to do
• ㄹ/을라치면101. Risky conditions
• ㄹ/을래야77. Worth it, can't be, no choice
• ㄹ/을래요27. Telling people what to do
• ㄹ/을망정99. Formal concession
• ㄹ/을뿐더러81. Adding and ruling out
• ㄹ/을수록76. The more, the more
• ㄹ/을지35. ~는지
• ㄹ/을지도 모르다35. ~는지
• ㄹ/을지라도99. Formal concession
• ㄹ/을지언정99. Formal concession
• ㄹ까 말까96. The 말다 family
• ㄹ까 싶다97. 싶다 beyond want
• ㄹ락 말락96. The 말다 family
• ㄹ진대114. Literary forms
• (으)라고56. Quoting
• 래요57. Quoting, shortened
• (으)랴마는114. Literary forms
• (으)러36. Intention and purpose
• (으)려 들다107. Meant to, supposedly
• (으)려고36. Intention and purpose
• (으)려고 하다36. Intention and purpose
• (으)려고요107. Meant to, supposedly
• (으)려나 보다107. Meant to, supposedly
• (으)려는 참이다95. The ~려 combinations
• (으)려니114. Literary forms
• (으)려다가95. The ~려 combinations
• (으)려던95. The ~려 combinations
• (으)려던 참이다95. The ~려 combinations
• (으)려면36. Intention and purpose
• (으)려무나113. Storybook and parent endings
• 력112. Word-building for reading
• (으)련만114. Literary forms
• (으)렴113. Storybook and parent endings
• (으)로13. Place and time
• (으)로 말미암아100. Formal reasons
• (으)로 인해70. According to, because of
• (으)로 하여금119. Written Korean
• (으)로부터70. According to, because of
• (으)로서91. As, and by means of
• (으)로써91. As, and by means of
• 롭다110. Adjectives from nouns
• 르 irregular9. Irregular verbs
• (으)리라114. Literary forms
• (으)리라고114. Literary forms
• (으)리오114. Literary forms
• ㅁ/음34. ~기 and ~ㅁ/음
• 마는109. The rarer particles
• 마다16. Time words
• 마저69. Particles of degree
• 만12. 의, 도, 만 and 들
• 만 같아도109. The rarer particles
• 만 아니면58. Conditionals
• 만큼50. Degree and likeness
• 말고62. Not X but Y
• 말씀28. The honorific 시
• 말이야98. The 말 family
• 말이지98. The 말 family
• (으)며49. (으)면서
• (으)면24. (으)면 and ㄹ/을 때
• (으)면 되다55. Permission and prohibition
• (으)면 몰라도101. Risky conditions
• (으)면 안 되다55. Permission and prohibition
• (으)면서49. (으)면서
• 면서도49. (으)면서
• 몇17. Asking questions
• 모든31. Anybody, everybody, nobody
• 못11. Saying no
• 못하다15. Adverbs
• 무슨17. Asking questions
• 뭐17. Asking questions
• (으)므로79. Connectors for writing
• ㅂ irregular9. Irregular verbs
• (으)ㅂ시다27. Telling people what to do
• 바116. The bound nouns
• 밖에51. Only, and nothing but
• 반말8. Speech levels
• 받다120. Passive in full
• 별111. Each and every
• 보고56. Quoting
• 보다21. Comparing things
• 부터13. Place and time
• 뿐51. Only, and nothing but
• 뿐만 아니라51. Only, and nothing but
• ㅅ irregular9. Irregular verbs
• 사이시옷112. Word-building for reading
• 성112. Word-building for reading
• (으)세요27. Telling people what to do
• 소115. Old speech levels
• 스럽다30. Building words
• 습니다8. Speech levels
• (으)시28. The honorific 시
• 시키다53. Make, let, end up
• (으)십시오27. Telling people what to do
• 씩16. Time words
• 아/야8. Speech levels
• 아/어 가다72. Going on and coming along
• 아/어 가지고75. Reasons from what you saw or heard
• 아/어 내다72. Going on and coming along
• 아/어 놓다71. Finishing and leaving
• 아/어 대다72. Going on and coming along
• 아/어 두다71. Finishing and leaving
• 아/어 드리다28. The honorific 시
• 아/어 버리다71. Finishing and leaving
• 아/어 보니까63. Trying and finding
• 아/어 보다22. 아/어 주다 and 아/어 보다
• 아/어 보이다38. It seems
• 아/어 봐야83. No use trying
• 아/어 봤다42. Experience
• 아/어 봤자83. No use trying
• 아/어 오다72. Going on and coming along
• 아/어 있다20. ~고 있다 and 아/어지다
• 아/어 주다22. 아/어 주다 and 아/어 보다
• 아/어 치우다71. Finishing and leaving
• 아/어다가48. ~다가
• 아/어도25. ~지만 and ~아/어도
• 아/어도 되다55. Permission and prohibition
• 아/어뜨리다120. Passive in full
• 아/어라94. Softer questions, blunter commands
• 아/어서23. ~아/어서: because, and then
• 아/어서 그런지75. Reasons from what you saw or heard
• 아/어서는 안 되다55. Permission and prohibition
• 아/어서요23. ~아/어서: because, and then
• 아/어야90. Only if
• 아/어야 되다26. Can, must and needn't
• 아/어야 말이지98. The 말 family
• 아/어야 하다26. Can, must and needn't
• 아/어야겠90. Only if
• 아/어야만90. Only if
• 아/어야지90. Only if
• 아/어요6. The 아/어 base and the present
• 아/어지다20. ~고 있다 and 아/어지다
• 아/어하다54. Wishes
• 아니라62. Not X but Y
• 아니면52. Instead, and or
• 아니에요2. 이다 and 아니다
• 아무31. Anybody, everybody, nobody
• 아무도31. Anybody, everybody, nobody
• 아무리59. No matter
• 안11. Saying no
• 았/었겠67. Inference
• 았/었다가48. ~다가
• 았/었더니85. The retrospective 더
• 았/었더라면58. Conditionals
• 았/었던84. 던 and the finer past
• 았/었어도 되다87. Guessing and regret
• 았/었어야 했다87. Guessing and regret
• 았/었어요7. The past and the future
• 았/었었84. 던 and the finer past
• 았/었으면 싶다97. 싶다 beyond want
• 았/었으면 좋겠다54. Wishes
• 어느17. Asking questions
• 어디17. Asking questions
• 어떻게17. Asking questions
• 어떻다18. 이렇다, 그렇다, 저렇다, 어떻다
• 어쩐지118. Adverbs with attitude
• 어쩔 수 없다77. Worth it, can't be, no choice
• 어차피118. Adverbs with attitude
• 언제17. Asking questions
• 언제나31. Anybody, everybody, nobody
• 얼마나17. Asking questions
• 없다4. 을/를, 있다 and 없다
• 에13. Place and time
• 에 관해70. According to, because of
• 에 대해14. With, to, from and about
• 에 따라70. According to, because of
• 에 따르면70. According to, because of
• 에 비해70. According to, because of
• 에 상관없이59. No matter
• 에 의하면70. According to, because of
• 에 있어서119. Written Korean
• 에게14. With, to, from and about
• 에게서14. With, to, from and about
• 에다가13. Place and time
• 에도 불구하고119. Written Korean
• 에서13. Place and time
• 예요2. 이다 and 아니다
• (으)오115. Old speech levels
• (으)오니114. Literary forms
• 오히려118. Adverbs with attitude
• 와/과14. With, to, from and about
• 왜17. Asking questions
• 위주로119. Written Korean
• 은/는3. 은/는 and 이/가
• 은/는커녕81. Adding and ruling out
• 을 가지고109. The rarer particles
• 을 막론하고119. Written Korean
• 을 불문하고119. Written Korean
• 을 위해14. With, to, from and about
• 을 통해70. According to, because of
• 을/를4. 을/를, 있다 and 없다
• 을랑109. The rarer particles
• 의12. 의, 도, 만 and 들
• 의성어117. Sound and shape words
• 의태어117. Sound and shape words
• 이 (after a name)121. Casual Korean and text speak
• 이/가3. 은/는 and 이/가
• 이/히/리/기29. Passive verbs
• 이/히/리/기/우/구/추73. Causative verbs
• 이것2. 이다 and 아니다
• (이)나52. Instead, and or
• (이)나마69. Particles of degree
• 이내16. Time words
• (이)라고56. Quoting
• (이)라고는109. The rarer particles
• (이)라니86. Surprise and insistence
• (이)라도69. Particles of degree
• (이)라든가109. The rarer particles
• (이)라서23. ~아/어서: because, and then
• (이)라야101. Risky conditions
• (이)란57. Quoting, shortened
• (이)랑14. With, to, from and about
• 이렇다18. 이렇다, 그렇다, 저렇다, 어떻다
• (이)며109. The rarer particles
• 이야2. 이다 and 아니다
• (이)야69. Particles of degree
• (이)야말로98. The 말 family
• 이에요2. 이다 and 아니다
• (이)지62. Not X but Y
• 인즉100. Formal reasons
• 입니다2. 이다 and 아니다
• 있다4. 을/를, 있다 and 없다
• 자27. Telling people what to do
• 자 (as soon as)40. As soon as, and after
• 자고56. Quoting
• 자꾸나113. Storybook and parent endings
• 자니86. Surprise and insistence
• 자마자40. As soon as, and after
• 자면101. Risky conditions
• 잖아요46. Reasons the listener should get
• 잘15. Adverbs
• 잘못15. Adverbs
• 재요57. Quoting, shortened
• 저것2. 이다 and 아니다
• 저렇다18. 이렇다, 그렇다, 저렇다, 어떻다
• 적30. Building words
• 적으로30. Building words
• 적이다30. Building words
• 전16. Time words
• 정도50. Degree and likeness
• 제111. Each and every
• 제일21. Comparing things
• 조차69. Particles of degree
• 죠45. Confirming
• 주무시다28. The honorific 시
• 줄임말121. Casual Korean and text speak
• 지 그래요88. Resignation and advice
• 지 마세요27. Telling people what to do
• 지 못하다11. Saying no
• 지 뭐88. Resignation and advice
• 지 않다11. Saying no
• 지나 않을까103. Can't possibly
• 지만25. ~지만 and ~아/어도
• 지요45. Confirming
• 째111. Each and every
• 쯤50. Degree and likeness
• 차111. Each and every
• 차라리118. Adverbs with attitude
• 처럼50. Degree and likeness
• 척하다65. Seeming and pretending
• 체하다65. Seeming and pretending
• 치 않다119. Written Korean
• 치고82. 치고, 기는요 and 기는 하다
• 치고는82. 치고, 기는요 and 기는 하다
• ㅋㅋ121. Casual Korean and text speak
• 터116. The bound nouns
• ㅎ irregular9. Irregular verbs
• 하고14. With, to, from and about
• 하필118. Adverbs with attitude
• 한다체8. Speech levels
• 한테14. With, to, from and about
• 한테서14. With, to, from and about
• 합쇼체8. Speech levels
• 해요6. The 아/어 base and the present
• 해요체8. Speech levels
• 화112. Word-building for reading
• 회111. Each and every
• 후16. Time words
• 히15. Adverbs